Ten knowledge points about the structural form of steel structures.

1. Classification and characteristics of common structural systems

Common structural systems include brick-concrete, frame, shear wall, frame-shear wall, cylinder, truss, grid, arch, suspension cable, thin-walled space, etc. Steel structures mainly include portal steel frames, frames, and trusses , grid, different structural systems have different advantages and disadvantages, and different stress forms. There are often two or more combined structural forms in real buildings.

2. What are the characteristics and application examples of common steel structures

The portal frame has simple stress and fast construction speed, and is widely used in industrial and civil buildings such as industrial, commercial, cultural and entertainment public facilities.

Steel frames can form larger spaces and are widely used in multi-story, high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, commercial office buildings, conference centers and other buildings.

The advantage of Steel Trusses is that they can use rods with smaller cross-sections to form components with larger cross-sections. They are often used in buildings with large spans or heights such as roofs of industrial and civil buildings, bridges, TV towers, and tower corridors.

Steel grid is a spatial structure composed of many rods according to certain rules. It has small spatial stress, light weight, high stiffness and good earthquake resistance. It can be used as building houses such as gymnasiums, exhibition halls, waiting halls, awnings, and aircraft hangars. build.

3. What is the structural system composition of the portal rigid frame factory building

Steel structure factories are divided into light steel factories and heavy steel factories. The factory structure system mainly consists of steel columns, wind-resistant columns, roof steel beams, crane beams, inter-column supports, roof trusses horizontal supports, wall purlins, roof purlins, skylight frames, systems consists of rods, etc. The main force-bearing body of the portal frame is the portal frame, which can be single-span, multi-span, or multi-layer. The economic span is about 24-30m.

4. What are the common nodes in portal rigid frame factories

Common nodes of portal steel frames include column foot nodes, beam-column nodes, inter-column support nodes, tie rod connection nodes, gutter bracket nodes, etc.

5. What is the composition of the steel frame structure system

For steel frames, as the number of layers and height increases, in addition to bearing larger vertical loads, resistance to lateral forces (wind loads, earthquake effects, etc.) becomes the main load-bearing characteristic of the frame. Its basic structural systems are generally divided into three types: Column-bracing system, pure frame system, frame-bracing system. Among them, the frame-bracing system is widely used in actual projects. This system uses a pure steel frame transversely and arranges an appropriate number of vertical column supports longitudinally to strengthen the longitudinal stiffness, thereby reducing the amount of steel used and creating a larger space.

6. What are the common nodes of steel frames

Common nodes of steel frames include column foot nodes, column butt joints, beam-column nodes, beam-beam nodes, support nodes, column-rising nodes on beams, etc.

7. What is the composition of the steel truss structure system

A truss is a structure composed of several rods connected by hinges at both ends of each rod. It can be divided into plane truss and space truss. According to the cross-sectional form of the component parts, it can be divided into tube trusses, H-shaped steel trusses, box-section trusses, angle steel trusses, etc. Trusses are generally composed of upper chord members, lower chord members, vertical members, diagonal web members, inter-truss supports, etc. Trusses use less steel than solid web beams, and the structure has a lighter weight and greater stiffness. It is widely used in high-rise buildings, long-span structures, and bridges.

8. What are the common nodes of steel trusses

The common nodes of steel trusses are mainly the connection nodes between vertical rods and upper and lower chords, the connection nodes between diagonal web rods and upper and lower chords, the connection nodes between trusses, etc.

9. What is the composition of the steel grid structure system

The grid is a spatial structure composed of multiple rods connected through nodes according to a certain grid form. There are many types of grids, which can be classified according to different standards, including cross truss system grids, triangular pyramid system grids, quadrangular pyramid system grids, and hexagonal pyramid system grids. The flat grid is mainly composed of chord bars, oblique web bars, intermediate nodes, support nodes, etc.

10. What are the common nodes of steel grid

The grid mainly includes cross plate nodes, welded hollow ball nodes, bolted ball nodes, and support nodes. The cross plate node is suitable for the grid structure of profiled steel rods. The connection between the rods and the node plate is welded or high-strength bolted. Hollow ball joints and bolt ball joints are suitable for grid structures of steel pipe members.